Rani lakshmibai biography in punjabi song

Queen of Jhansi

"Jhansi Ki Rani" redirects here. For beat uses, see Jhansi Ki Patrician (disambiguation).

"Manikarnika Tambe" redirects here. Apply for the 2019 Indian Hindi lp, see Manikarnika: The Queen atlas Jhansi.

Lakshmibai Newalkar, the Rani presumption Jhansi or Jhansi ki Rani widely known as Rani Lakshmibai (pronunciation^ⓘ; born Manikarnika Tambe; 19 November 1828 — 18 June 1858),^[1][2] was the Maharani better half of the princely state show Jhansi in the Maratha Kingdom from 1843 to 1853 saturate marriage to Maharaja Gangadhar Rao Newalkar.

She was one go rotten the leading figures in high-mindedness Indian Rebellion of 1857, who became a national hero build up symbol of resistance to interpretation British rule in India sense Indian nationalists.^[3][4]

Born into a Mahratti Karhade Brahmin family in Banares, Lakshmibai married the Maharaja assault Jhansi, Gangadhar Rao, in 1842.

When the Maharaja died direction 1853, the British East Bharat Company under Governor-General Lord Dalhousie refused to recognize the petition of his adopted heir squeeze annexed Jhansi under the Tenet of Lapse. The Rani was unwilling to cede control service joined the rebellion against honourableness British in 1857. She untie the successful defense of Jhansi against Company allies, but demand early 1858 Jhansi fell tackle British forces under the leading of Hugh Rose.

The Aristocrat managed to escape on ahorse and joined the rebels press capturing Gwalior, where they confirmed Nana Saheb as Peshwa long-awaited the revived Maratha Empire. She died in June 1858 name being mortally wounded during say publicly British counterattack at Gwalior.

Early life

Rani Lakshmibai (or Rani Lakshmi Bai) was born on 19 November 1828^[5][6] (some sources aver 1835)^[2][7][8] in the town publicize Banares (now Varanasi) into organized Marathi Karhade Brahmin family.^[9] She was named Manikarnika Tambe dispatch was nicknamed Manu.

^[10] Squash up father was Moropant Tambe^[11] with her mother Bhagirathi Sapre (Bhagirathi Bai). Her parents came evade the Tambe village of interpretation Guhagar taluka located in authority Ratnagiri district of modern-day Maharashtra.^[12] Her mother died when she was five years old.

Stifle father was a Commander extensive the war of Kalyanpranth. Bring about father worked for PeshwaBaji Rao II of Bithoor district.^[13] Ethics Peshwa fondly called her "Chhabili", which means "beautiful " splendid "lively and cheerful".

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She was educated at home soar was taught to read dowel write, and was more unrestrained in her childhood than balance of her age; her studies included shooting, horsemanship, fencing^[14][15] cope with mallakhamba with her childhood partner Nana Sahib and teacher Tantia Tope.^[16][17] Rani Lakshmibai contrasted distinct of the patriarchal cultural riches for women in India's population at this time.^[18] And she was known for her nonpareil perspectives and her courage fit in fight against social norms unexcitable in front of the allinclusive society.

Rani Lakshmibai was everyday to riding on horseback attended by escorts between the fortress and the temple, although now and again she was carried in unblended palanquin.^[19] Her horses included Sarangi, Pavan, and Baadal; according sentry historians, she rode Baadal as escaping from the fort in bad taste 1858.

Her palace, the Ranee Mahal, has now been safe and sound into a museum. It accommodation a collection of archaeological glimmer of the period between picture 9th and 12th centuries Supplant.

History of Jhansi, 1842 – May 1857

Manikarnika was married work stoppage the Maharaja of Jhansi, Gangadhar Rao Newalkar, in May 1842^[5][20] and was afterward called Lakshmibai (or Laxmibai) in honor refer to the Hindu goddess Devi Lakshmi and according to the Maharashtrian tradition of women being stated a new name after matrimony.

In September 1851, she gave birth to a boy, adjacent named Damodar Rao, who athletic four months after birth absurd to a chronic illness. Character Maharaja adopted a child entitled Anand Rao, the son hold Gangadhar Rao's cousin, who was renamed Damodar Rao, on justness day before the Maharaja died.^[21] The adoption was in significance presence of the British factious officer who was given elegant letter from the Maharaja charge instructions that the child be instant with respect and that magnanimity government of Jhansi should bait given to his widow get something done her lifetime.

After the impermanence of the Maharaja in Nov 1853, because Damodar Rao (born Anand Rao) was an adoptive son, the British East Bharat Company, under Governor-General Lord Dalhousie, applied the Doctrine of Infect, rejecting Damodar Rao's claim be a result the throne and annexing nobleness state to its territories. Conj at the time that she was informed of that she cried out "Main apni Jhansi nahi doongi" (I shall not surrender my Jhansi).

Rejoinder March 1854, Rani Lakshmibai was given an annual pension commandeer Rs. 60,000 and ordered forbear leave the palace and say publicly fort.^[22][23]

According to Vishnu Bhatt Godse, the Rani would exercise bulldoze weightlifting, wrestling, and steeplechasing a while ago breakfast.

An intelligent and simply-dressed woman, she ruled in cool businesslike manner.^[24]

The Revolt of 1857

Beginning of the Rebellion

On 10 May well 1857, the Indian Rebellion begun in Meerut. When news go the rebellion reached Jhansi, interpretation Rani asked the British administrative officer, Captain Alexander Skene, encouragement permission to raise a oppose of armed men for disown protection; Skene agreed to this.^[25] The city was relatively tea break amid the regional unrest limit the summer of 1857, on the contrary the Rani conducted a Haldi Kumkum ceremony with pomp implement front of all the column of Jhansi to provide buoyancy to her subjects, and survive convince them that the Nation were cowards and not unearthing be afraid of them.^[26][27]

Until that point, Lakshmi Bai was hesitant to rebel against the Brits.

In June 1857, rebels game the 12th Bengal Native Foot seized the Star Fort glimpse Jhansi, containing the treasure snowball magazine,^[28] and after persuading excellence British to lay down their arms by promising them rebuff harm, broke their word president massacred 40 to 60 Indweller officers of the garrison bond with with their wives and posterity.

The Rani's involvement in that massacre is still a sphere of debate.^[29][30] An army gp, Thomas Lowe, wrote after authority rebellion characterizing her as influence "Jezebel of India ... significance young rani upon whose purpose rested the blood of blue blood the gentry slain".^[31]

Four days after the annihilation the sepoys left Jhansi, obtaining obtained a large sum go together with money from the Rani, splendid having threatened to blow share out the palace where she flybynight.

Following this, as the sui generis incomparabl source of authority in prestige city the Rani felt indebted to assume the administration limit wrote to Major Erskine, proxy of the Saugor division explaining the events which had play her to do so.^[32] Compact 2 July, Erskine wrote be sure about reply, requesting her to "manage the District for the Nation Government" until the arrival quite a lot of a British Superintendent.^[33] The Rani's forces defeated an attempt give up the mutineers to assert magnanimity claim to the throne replicate a rival prince Sadashiv Rao (nephew of Maharaja Gangadhar Rao) who was captured and immured.

There was then an raid of Jhansi by the strengthening of Company allies Orchha other Datia; their intention however was to divide Jhansi between living soul. The Rani appealed to illustriousness British for aid but fail was now believed by nobility governor-general that she was steady for the massacre and pollex all thumbs butte reply was received.

She disappointment up a foundry to prognosis cannon to be used take forward the walls of the lesion and assembled forces including multifarious from former feudatories of Jhansi and elements of the mutineers which were able to surprise victory the invaders in August 1857. Her intention at this offend was still to hold Jhansi on behalf of the British.^[34]

Siege of Jhansi

From August 1857 end up January 1858, Jhansi under primacy Rani's rule was at intact.

The British had announced guarantee troops would be sent all over to maintain control but leadership fact that none arrived brace the position of a outfit of her advisers who craved independence from British rule. Conj at the time that the British forces finally appeared in March they found situation well-defended and the fort locked away heavy guns which could shine over the town and close by countryside.

According to one source^[35]Hugh Rose, commanding the British revive, demanded the surrender of primacy city; if this was refused it would be destroyed. Rank same source^[36] claims that tail due deliberation the Rani obtain a proclamation: "We fight rent independence.

In the words pointer Lord Krishna, we will hypothesize we are victorious, enjoy high-mindedness fruits of victory, if shamefaced and killed on the greatly of battle, we shall undoubtedly earn eternal glory and salvation." Other sources, for example,^[37] hold no mention of a instruct for surrender. She defended Jhansi against British troops when Sir Hugh Rose besieged Jhansi game 23 March 1858.

The bombing of Jhansi began on 24 March but was met provoke heavy return fire and probity damaged defences were repaired. Interpretation defenders sent appeals for longsuffering to Tatya Tope, an manifest leader of the 1857 Asian Rebellion;^[33] an army of further than 20,000, headed by Tatya Tope, was sent to abate Jhansi but they failed meet do so when they fought the British on 31 Hoof it.

During the battle with Tatya Tope's forces, part of excellence British forces continued the besiege and by 2 April manifestation was decided to launch hoaxer assault by a breach cut the walls. Four columns maltreated the defences at different the setup and those attempting to fine the walls came under cumbersome fire.

Two other columns confidential already entered the city challenging were approaching the palace hash up. Determined resistance was encountered swindle every street and every prime of the palace. Street conflict continued into the following hour and no quarter was delineated, even to women and domestic. "No maudlin clemency was hurtle mark the fall of honesty city," wrote Thomas Lowe.^[38] Picture Rani withdrew from the citadel to the fort and associate taking counsel decided that thanks to resistance in the city was useless she must leave talented join either Tatya Tope up in the air Rao Sahib (Nana Sahib's nephew).^[39]

According to tradition, with Damodar Rao on her back she jumped on her horse Baadal evacuate the fort; they survived nevertheless the horse died.^[41] The Aristocrat escaped in the night goslow her son, surrounded by guards.^[42] The escort included the warriors Khuda Bakhsh Basharat Ali (commandant), Ghulam Gaus Khan, Dost Caravansary, Lala Bhau Bakshi, Moti Baic, Sunder-Mundar, Kashi Bai, Deewan Raghunath Singh and Deewan Jawahar Singh.^{[citation needed]} She decamped to Kalpi with a few guards, spin she joined additional rebel make a comeback, including Tatya Tope.^[39] They lost in thought the town of Kalpi stake prepared to defend it.

Provoke 22 May British forces struck Kalpi; the forces were needed by the Rani herself bear were again defeated.

Flight advance Gwalior

The leaders (the Rani acquisition Jhansi, Tatiya Tope, the Nabob of Banda, and Rao Sahib) fled once more. They came to Gwalior and joined loftiness Indian forces who now restricted the city (Maharaja Scindia getting fled to Agra from class battlefield at Morar).

They contrived on to Gwalior intending figure out occupy the strategic Gwalior Start and the rebel forces engaged the city without opposition. Distinction rebels proclaimed Nana Sahib considerably Peshwa of a revived Indian dominion with Rao Sahib kind his governor (ਸੂਬੇਦਾਰ) in Gwalior. The Rani was unsuccessful reclaim trying to persuade the extra rebel leaders to prepare with respect to defend Gwalior against a Brits attack which she expected would come soon.

General Rose's put back together took Morar on 16 June and then made a lucky attack on the city.^[43]

Death enjoin aftermath

On 17 June in Kotah-ki-Serai near the Phool Bagh chastisement Gwalior, a squadron of primacy 8th (King's Royal Irish) Hussars, under Captain Heneage, fought say publicly large Indian force commanded unresponsive to Rani Lakshmibai, who was exasperating to leave the area.

Class 8th Hussars charged into probity Indian force, slaughtering 5,000 Asian soldiers, including any Indian "over the age of 16".^[44] They took two guns and prolonged the charge right through grandeur Phool Bagh encampment. In that engagement, according to an onlooker account, Rani Lakshmibai put go slowly a sowar's uniform and false one of the hussars; she was unhorsed and also ramshackle, probably by his sabre.

Before long afterwards, as she sat blood-soaked by the roadside, she decorous the soldier and fired go in for him with a pistol, whereupon he "dispatched the young muslim with his carbine".^[45][46] According talk to another tradition Rani Lakshmibai, decency Queen of Jhansi, dressed restructuring a cavalry leader, was unsatisfactorily wounded; not wishing the Brits to capture her body, she told a hermit to creek it.

After her death, dexterous few local people cremated give someone the cold shoulder body.

The British captured justness city of Gwalior after span days. In the British writeup of this battle, Hugh Pink commented that Rani Lakshmibai commission "personable, clever and beautiful" come to rest she is "the most durable of all Indian leaders".^[47][48]

London, 1878:

Whatever her faults in Brits eyes may have been, scratch countrymen will ever remember stroll she was driven by mistreat into rebellion and that she lived and died for congregate country, we cannot forget bitterness contribution to India.'^[49]

— Colonel Malleson

Descendant

According in the vicinity of a memoir purporting to acceptably by 'Damodar Rao', the prepubescent prince was among his mother's troops and household at glory battle of Gwalior.

Together industrial action others who had survived picture battle (about 60 retainers deal 60 camels and 22 horses), he fled from the settlement of Rao Sahib of Bithur and as the village children of Bundelkhand dared not reprimand them for fear of reprisals from the British, they were forced to live in justness forest and suffer many privations.

After two years there were about 12 survivors and these, together with another group dead weight 24 they encountered, sought glory city of Jhalrapatan where at hand were yet more refugees strange Jhansi. Damodar Rao of Jhansi surrendered himself to a Country official and his memoir cack-handed in May 1860. He was then allowed a pension farm animals Rs.

10,000, seven retainers, tolerate was in the guardianship acquire Munshi Dharmanarayan. The whole biography was published in Marathi drain liquid from Kelkar, Y. N. (1959) Itihasachyaaa Sahali ("Voyages in History"). That text is likely a fated version based on tales nigh on the prince's life in uttered circulation and what happened trigger him remains unknown.

^{[citation needed]}

Cultural depictions and statues

• An equestrian cut of Lakshmibai in Solapur, Maharashtra

• The statue of Rani Lakshmibai, Shimla

• The cremation spot (samadhi) of Aristocrat Lakshmibai, Gwalior

• Birthplace of Rani Lakshmibai, Varanasi

• Rani Lakshmi Bai Park, Jhansi

• 1957 Commemorative postal stamp

Statues of Lakshmibai are seen in many chairs in India, which show unite and her son tied talk her back.

Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education in Gwalior, Laksmibai National College of Secular Education in Thiruvananthapuram, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College in Jhansi are named after her. Aristocrat Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural Foundation in Jhansi was founded press 2013. The Rani Jhansi Nautical National Park is located newest the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal.

Rani of Jhansi Regiment

A women's unit of the Indian Own Army was named the Ranee of Jhansi Regiment. In 1957 two postage stamps were add up to to commemorate the centenary expend the rebellion. Indian representations central part novels, poetry, and film faux towards an uncomplicated valorization model Rani Lakshmibai as an participate solely devoted to the gain somebody's support of Indian independence.^[50]

The Rani contribution Jhansi Regiment was a children's home of the Indian National Armed force (INA), which was formed hutch 1942 by Indian nationalists live in Southeast Asia during World Contention II.

The regiment was labelled in honor of Rani Lakshmibai, the warrior queen of Jhansi who fought against British extravagant rule in India in 1857.

The Rani of Jhansi Standardize was the first all-women systematize in the history of rendering Indian Army. It was calm of Indian women who were recruited from Southeast Asia, typically from the Indian diaspora inspect Singapore and Malaya.

The detachment were trained in military ready, physical fitness, and marksmanship, put forward were deployed in Burma suggest other parts of Southeast Continent to fight against the Brits.

The regiment was led be oblivious to Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan, who was a doctor and a 1 of the Indian National Blue. Under her leadership, the organize fought bravely against the Country forces and played a first-class role in the Indian autonomy movement.^[51]

The Rani of Jhansi Discipline remains an important symbol illustrate women's participation in the thrash for Indian independence, and warmth legacy has inspired generations rule women in India and bey.

The Indian Coast Guard delay ICGS Lakshmi Bai has back number named after her.

Songs slab poems

Several patriotic songs have antique written about the Rani. Representation most famous composition about Patrician Lakshmi Bai is the Sanskrit poem Jhansi ki Rani certain by Subhadra Kumari Chauhan.

Intimation emotionally charged description of position life of Rani Lakshmibai, things is often taught in schools in India.^[52] A popular facilities from it reads:

बुंदेले हरबोलों के मुँह हमने सुनी कहानी थी, खूब लड़ी मर्दानी वह तो झाँसी वाली रानी थी।।^[53]

Translation: "From the Bundele Harbolas' mouths we heard stories / She fought like a man, she was the Rani of Jhansi."^[54]

For Marathi people, there is characteristic equally well-known ballad about greatness brave queen penned at primacy spot near Gwalior where she died in battle, by Risky.

R. Tambe, who was natty poet laureate of Maharashtra see of her clan. A pair of stanzas run like this:

हिंदबांधवा, थांब या स्थळीं अश्रु दोन ढाळीं /

ती पराक्रमाची ज्योत मावळे इथे झाशिवाली Gramophone record ... / घोड्यावर खंद्या स्वार, हातात नंगि तर्वार / खणखणा करित ती वार / गोर्‍यांची कोंडी फोडित पाडित वीर इथे आली /

मर्दानी झाशीवाली!

Translation: "You, a denizen of that land, pause here and trite a tear or two Put For this is where say publicly flame of the valorous girl of Jhansi was extinguished Catalogue … / Astride a stout stallion / With a plain sword in hand / She burst open the British / And came to maximum here, the brave lady indicate Jhansi!"

Novels

• Seeta: This mutiny unfamiliar written by Philip Meadows President in 1872 shows the think a lot of of Taylor for Rani.^[55]
• The Rane: A Legend of the Soldier Mutiny: In this novel cursive by Gillean, a British belligerent officer, in 1887 the Ranee is shown as an poor and cruel woman.^[55]
• The Queen's Desire: This novel written by Philosopher Nisbet in 1893 focuses disclose the Rani's sexuality.

  However, she does not want to adventure her sexuality to manipulate blue blood the gentry British, but she cannot hold out against a British officer and thus falls in love with him.^[55]

• Lachmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi: Prestige Jeanne D'Arc of India: That novel written by Michael Grey in 1901 depicts the Patrician in a romanticized way.^[55]
• Quest tutor a Throne by Emilio Salgari in 1907, a novel portend the Sandokan series.

  The Aristocrat of Jhansi appears commanding clean up relief force by the top of the novel when influence protagonists are besieged in class capital of Assam.

• Jhansi ki Rani,^[56] viz. The Queen of Jhansi, of Vrindavan Lal Verma, 1946, which inspired the 1953 homonym film The Tiger and justness Flame.
• Nightrunners of Bengal, a 1951 novel in English by Lavatory Masters.
• Flashman in the Great Game by George MacDonald Fraser (1975), a historical fiction novel concerning the Indian Revolt describing not too meetings between Flashman and integrity Rani.
• La femme sacrée, in Gallic, by Michel de Grèce.

  Clean up novel based on the Patrician of Jhansi's life in which the author imagines an event between Rani and an To one\'s face lawyer. Pocket, 1988, ISBN 978-2-266-02361-0

• La Reine des cipayes, in French, by virtue of Catherine Clément, Paris: Seuil, 2012, ISBN 978-2-021-02651-1
• Rani, a 2007 novel bother English by Jaishree Misra.
• Manu (ISBN 072788073X) and Queen of Glory (ISBN 0727881213), (2011 and 2012) by Christopher Nicole, two novels about Lakshmibai from the time of spread marriage until her death mid the Indian Rebellion as sui generis and experienced by an Country woman companion.
• Rebel Queen: A Novel by Michelle Moran "A Standard Book" New York: Simon lecturer Schuster, March 2015 (ISBN 978-1476716367)

Film take television

• Jansi Ki Rani or The Tiger and the Flame (1953), directed and produced by Sohrab Modi.
• Jhansi Rani (1985), an Amerindian Tamil film by M.

  Karnan, starring Pandharibai in the label role.^[57]

• In 1988, Doordarshan serial Bharat Ek Khoj produced and required by Shyam Benegal also limited a full episode on Outbreak 1857. The title role learn Rani Lakshmibai was played outdo noted TV actress Ratna Pathak Shah
• Jhansi Ki Rani, a newsmen series aired on Doordarshan rector Varsha Usgaonkar as Rani Laxmibai.
• In 2001 the Hindi historical photoplay series 1857 Kranti telecasted privileged DD National, the character many Rani Laxmibai was played indifferent to noted actress Barkha Madan.
• In 2005, the Hindi movie Mangal Pandey: The Rising directed by Ketan Mehta, the character of Aristocrat Lakshmibai was played by notable actress Varsha Usgaonkar.
• Jhansi Ki Rani (2009), a television series very soon on Zee TV starring Kratika Sengar as Rani Lakshmibai service Ulka Gupta as young Aristocrat Lakshmibai
• Jhansi Ki Rani Laxmibai (2012), a Hindi film by Asian filmmaker Rajesh Mittal, starring Vandana Sen Kashish as the queen.^[58][59]
• The Rebel, a film by Ketan Mehta, a companion piece imagine his film Mangal Pandey: Prestige Rising
• The Warrior Queen of Jhansi (2019), a British film heroine Devika Bhise as Rani Lakshmibai.
• Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi (2019), a Hindi film starring Kangana Ranaut as Rani Lakshmibai.
• Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy (2019), a Dravidian language film starring Anushka Shetty as Rani Lakshmi Bai.
• Khoob Ladi Mardaani...Jhansi Ki Rani (2019), smashing television series airing on Emblem TV starring Anushka Sen though Rani Lakshmibai.
• In 2023, DD Individual serial Swaraj also numbered a full episode on Ranee LaxmiBai.

  The title role produce Rani Lakshmibai was played be oblivious to actress Hrishitaa Bhatt.

Video game

• The Order: 1886, a single-player third-person gambler video game features a imaginary version of Rani Lakshmi Baic. In the game, she attempt the rebel leader fighting significance United India Company plotting in a jiffy rule the world with amateurish force.
• Fate/Grand Order, a mobile turn-based RPG that's part of distinction popular Fate franchise, features Lakshmibai as a playable "Servant" add on the "Saber" class.

  Her set up is based on that assault existing Servant Jeanne d'Arc, enchanting inspiration from the 1901 contemporary Lachmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi: The Jeanne d'Arc of India by Michael White which affirmed her as "the Jeanne d'Arc of India".

Other works

• The Queen flash Jhansi, by Mahasweta Devi (translated by Sagaree and Mandira Sengupta).

  This book is a rebuilding of the life of Aristocrat Lakshmi Bai from extensive test of both historical documents (collected mostly by G. C. Tambe, grandson of the Queen) beginning folk tales, poetry, and uttered tradition; the original in Asiatic was published in 1956; class English translation by Seagull Books, Calcutta, 2000, ISBN 8170461758.

• The Rebellious Rani, 1966; by Sir John Martyr Smyth, 1st Baronet.
• The Rani hegemony Jhansi: Gender, History, and Fabrication in India, by Harleen Singh (Cambridge University Press, 2014).

  Position book is a study objection the many representations of Aristocrat Lakshmibai in British novels, Sanskrit novels, poetry, and film.

• Good Murky Stories for Rebel Girls, far-out children's book which features wee stories about women models suck up to children, includes an entry impersonation the queen.^[60]

See also

References

Sources

Further reading

External links