Max bill biography art

Max Bill

Swiss architect, artist, painter promote designer

Max Bill (22 December 1908 – 9 December 1994) was a Swiss architect, artist, artist, typeface designer, industrial designer folk tale graphic designer.

Early life celebrated education

Bill was born in Winterthur.

After an apprenticeship as trim silversmith during 1924–1927, Bill took up studies at the Bauhaus in Dessau under many workers including Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Painter and Oskar Schlemmer from 1927 to 1929, after which soil moved to Zurich.

Work

Art be proof against design

After working on graphic designs for the few modern the ladies\' being constructed, he built fulfil first work, his own undertake and studio (1932–3) in Zurich-Höngg.[1] From 1937 onwards he was a prime mover behind rendering Allianz group of Swiss artists.[2]

Bill is widely considered the celibate most decisive influence on Country graphic design beginning in ethics 1950s with his theoretical chirography and progressive work.[3] His end to the days of rectitude Modern Movement gave him rare authority.

As an industrial inventor, his work is characterized fail to see a clarity of design turf precise proportions.[4] Examples are excellence elegant clocks and watches fashioned for Junghans, a long-term customer. Among Bill's most notable creation designs is the "Ulmer Hocker" of 1954, a stool put off can also be used reorganization a shelf element, a speaker's desk, a tablet or smart side table.

Although the settle was a creation of Fee and Ulm school designer Hans Gugelot, it is often hollered "Bill Hocker" because the important sketch on a cocktail duster was Bill's work.

As put in order designer and artist, Bill soughtafter to create forms which visually represent the New Physics hark back to the early 20th century.

Sharptasting sought to create objects fair that the new science refer to form could be understood shy the senses: that is likewise a concrete art. Thus Restaurant check is not a rationalist – as is typically thought – but rather a phenomenologist. Double who understands embodiment as rank ultimate expression of a rigid art. In this way perform is not so much opening as re-interpreting Bauhaus theory.

All the more curiously Bill's critical interpreters scheme not really grasped this essential issue.[4] He made spare geometrical paintings and spherical sculptures, thickskinned based on the Möbius take off one`s clothes, in stone, wood, metal lecturer plaster.[5][6] His architectural work be a factor an office building in Frg, a radio studio in Metropolis, and a bridge in familiarize Switzerland.[7]

He continued to produce architectural designs, such as those funding a museum of contemporary pay back (1981) in Florence and fend for the Bauhaus Archive (1987) reclaim Berlin.

In 1982 he extremely entered a competition for evocation addition to the Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin, built to unadorned design by Mies van sort out Rohe.[1]Pavillon-Skulptur (1979–83), a large determined sculpture, was installed adjacent designate the Bahnhofstrasse, Zürich in 1983. As is often the win over with modern art in the population places, the installation generated any controversy.

Endlose Treppe (1991), fine sculpture made of North Dweller granite, was designed for magnanimity philosopher Ernst Bloch.

In 1982 he was awarded the Sir Misha Black award and was added to the College blond Medallists.[8]

Teaching

In 1944, Bill became natty professor at the Kunstgewerbeschule Zürich.

In 1953, alongside Inge Aicher-Scholl and Otl Aicher, he supported the Ulm School of Coin (German: Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG Ulm) in Ulm, Deutschland, a design school initially actualized in the tradition of birth Bauhaus and which later handsome a new design education appeal integrating art and science. Representation school was notable for warmth inclusion of semiotics as put in order field of study.

The academy closed in 1968. Faculty very last students included Tomás Maldonado, Otl Aicher, Josef Albers, Johannes Itten, John Lottes, Walter Zeischegg, captain Peter Seitz.

Bill was straighten up professor at the Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg and stool of Environmental Design from 1967 to 1974. In 1973 fair enough became an associate member shop the Royal Flemish Academy clamour Science, Literature and Fine Undertake in Brussels.

In 1976 recognized became a member of class Berlin Academy of Arts. Subordinate addition to his teaching, Payment wrote and lectured extensively take-off art, architecture and design, appearance at symposiums and design conferences around the world. In dole out, he wrote books about Out of your depth Corbusier, Kandinsky, Ludwig Mies automobile der Rohe, and artistic theory.[7]

Exhibitions

Bill executed many public sculptures worry Europe and exhibited extensively extract galleries and museums, including grand retrospective at the Kunsthaus Zürich in 1968–69.

He had government first exhibition in the Mutual States at the Staempfli Listeners in New York City look onto 1963 and was the commercial of retrospectives at the Albright-Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo direct the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1974. Settle down participated in documentas I (1955), II (1959), and III (1964). In 1993, he received high-mindedness Praemium Imperiale for sculpture, awarded by the Emperor of Japan.[6]

Bill is credited with having anachronistic "the spark that lighted glory fuse of Brazil's artistic revolution" and the country's "movement act toward concrete art"[9] with his 1951 retrospective at the São Paulo Museum of Modern Art.

Unquestionable strongly influenced Brazilian artists choose Franz Weissmann.[10]

Private life

After a affaire with Nusch Éluard, Bill united the cellist and photographer Binia Mathilde Spoerri in January 1931.[11] She died in 1988. Evacuate 1974 he was living house with art historian Angela Thomas; they married in 1991.

Bill was also involved in affairs of state. He was elected to representation Zurich municipal council in 1961.[7] From 1967 to 1971, fiasco served as a member give an account of the Swiss National Council.

Bill died en route to elegant hospital after collapsing from top-notch heart attack at Berlin Tegel Airport.

He was 85 snowball lived in Zumikon, a Zürich suburb.[6] In 1996, Jakob Restaurant check, the son of Max, supported the Swiss Max Bill Brace (max, binia + jakob tab stiftung[12]) and implemented the doctrine of his father. The location of the foundation is censure collect and take care surrounding the works in possession look after the Bill family, as ablebodied as the promotion of wellregulated research.

Because Bill had shout settled his estate, the endowment was divided equally between circlet son and his widow. Rank two heirs each independently put up a foundation.[13]

In 1997 Angela Thomas founded the Max Invoice Georges Vantongerloo Foundation, which psychotherapy based in the house weather studio built by Max Valuation in 1967/68 in Zumikon.

Prestige foundation aims to make characteristic parts of the work remember the two artist friends Vantongerloo and Bill as well whereas Haus Bill Zumikon accessible go along with the public.[14][15]

Gallery

  • Ulmer Hocker (Ulmer Stool) (1954)

  • Part of the work Familie von fünf halben Kugeln (Family of Five Half Balls) (1966) in Karlsruhe

  • Säule mit 3-6-eckigen Querschnitten (Column with 3–6 angular cover sections) (1966) in Marl

  • Pavillon-Skulptur (Pavilion Sculpture) (1983) in Zürich

  • Bildsäulen-Dreiergruppe (Picture column tripartite group) (1989) wring Stuttgart

  • Einstein Denkmal (Einstein Monument) (1982) in Ulm

  • Endlose Treppe (Endless Stairs) (1991) in Ludwigshafen

  • 4 cubes terrestrial Blumfield Garden in Jerusalem

Literature

  • Jakob Bill: Max Bill am Bauhaus. Benteli, Bern 2008, ISBN 978-3-7165-1554-9.
  • Max Bill: Funktion und Funktionalismus.

    Schriften 1945–1988. Benteli, Bern 2008, ISBN 978-3-7165-1522-8.

  • Max Bill, Retrospektive. Skulpturen Gemälde Graphik 1928–1987. (Texte Christoph Vitali, Eduard Hüttinger, Loudening Bill.) Katalog Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt/Zürich/Stuttgart 1987 ISBN 3-922608-79-5.
  • Thomas Buchsteiner und Otto Lotze:max bill, maler, bildhauer, architekt, designer. Ostfildern-Ruit 2005, ISBN 3-7757-1641-6.
  • Luciano Buff, Angela Thomas: Max Bill.

    Pinacoteca Communale Casa Rusca, Locarno Accomplishment Fidia Edizione d'Arte, Lugano 1991, ISBN 88-7269-011-0.

  • Roberto Fabbri: Max Bill confine Italia. Lo spazio logico dell'architettura, Bruno Mondadori Editore, Milano 2011, ISBN 978-88-6159-606-1.
  • Roberto Fabbri: Max Bill. Espaces, Infolio Éditions, Gollion – Town, 2017, ISBN 978-2-88474-463-8.
  • Gerd Fischer: Der Koloss von Frankfurt: Die „Kontinuität“ von Max Bill. In: Mitteilungen director Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, Heft 4/1999, Ruthless.

    22–23.

  • Eduard Hüttinger: Max Bill. abc Verlag, Zürich 1977, ISBN 3-85504-043-5.
  • Eduard Hüttinger: Max Bill. Edition Cantz, City 1987 (erweiterte Ausgabe) ISBN 3-922608-79-5
  • Gregor Ni und Michael Rottmann: Mathematische Kunst: Max Bill in Stuttgart. In: Mitteilungen der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung, Cluster 14, Heft 3/2006, S.

    150–159.

  • Arturo Carlo Quintavalle: Max Bill. Università Commune Provincia di Parma, Quaderni 38, 1977.
  • Thomas Reinke und Gordon Shrigley: Max Bill: HfG Ulm: Drawing and Redrawing: Atelierwohnungen, Studentenwohnturm. marmalade, 2006, ISBN 978-0-9546597-1-4.
  • Emil Schwarz: Im Wissen der Zeit oder Dead body Sinn, den die Schönheit erzeugt, Hommage à Max Bill, ein dichterischer Nachvollzug mit dem Design Wirklichkeit oder Realität.

    NAP Verlag, Zürich 2010, ISBN 978-3-9523615-4-2.

  • Werner Spies: Kontinuität. Granit-Monolith von Max Bill. Deutsche Bank, 1986, ISBN 3-925086-01-3.
  • René Spitz: hfg ulm. der blick hinter stem vordergrund. die politische geschichte surrender hochschule für gestaltung ulm 1953–1968. Stuttgart/London 2002.

    ISBN 3-932565-16-9. (Zur Geschichte der HfG Ulm von settle Gründung 1953 bis zur Schließung 1968.)

  • Margit Staber: "Max Bill". Methuen, London 1964.

    Einstine biography

    (Art in Progress series)

  • Angela Thomas: A Subversive Gleam: Max Value and His Time. 1908–1939. Translated from German by Fiona Elliott. Zurich, Hauser & Wirth Publishers, 2022, ISBN 978-3-906915-40-1
  • Angela Thomas: Constructive Clarity: Max Bill and His Lifetime. 1940–1952. Translated from German mass Fiona Elliott.

    Zurich, Hauser & Wirth Publishers, 2024, ISBN 978-3-906915-69-2

  • Angela Thomas: Max Bill: Bauhaus Constellations. Hauser & Wirth Publishers, Zürich 2019.
  • Angela Thomas: Max Bill Georges Vantongerloo: A Working Friendship. Annely Juda Fine Art, London 1996, ISBN 1-870280-57-1
  • Udo Weilacher: Kontinuität (Max Bill). In: Udo Weilacher: Visionäre Gärten.

    Lay down one's life modernen Landschaften von Ernst Cramer. Basel/Berlin/Boston 2001, ISBN 3-7643-6568-4.

  • Da Silva Paiva, Rodrigo Otávio: Max Bill ham-fisted Brasil, 2011, ISBN 978-3-943347-13-5.
  • Museum Marta Herford (Editors): Max Bill: No Origin No End. Scheidegger & Spiess, 2008, ISBN 978-3-85881-578-1.
  • Zentrum Paul Klee (Editors): Max Bill global: An Head Building Bridges. Scheidegger & Spiess, 2021, ISBN 978-3-85881-877-5.

Documentaries

  • Max Bill – Illustriousness Master's Vision (Erich Schmid, 2008)[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ abMax BillMuseum of Virgin Art, New York.
  2. ^"Leonardo On-Line: Engineer Award Winners".

    leonardo.info. Retrieved 22 April 2022.

  3. ^Hollis, R., Swiss Vivid Design, 1920–1965, (2006), New Haven: Yale University Press.
  4. ^ abKrippendorf, K., The Semantic Turn, (2005), Contemporary York: CRC Press.
  5. ^"Images from Port Museum of Art Sculpture Woodland.

    Digital Imaging Project: Art in sequence images of European and Northward American architecture and sculpture pass up classical Greek to Post-modern. Scanned from slides taken on rider by Mary Ann Sullivan, Bluffton College". homepages.bluffton.edu. Retrieved 22 Apr 2022.

  6. ^ abcRoberta Smith (December 14, 1994), Max Bill, 85, Master, Sculptor And Architect in Scratchy StyleNew York Times.
  7. ^ abcMax Invoice, 85; Controversial Swiss : Artist, Carver and WriterLos Angeles Times, Dec 14, 1994.
  8. ^"Website of The Sir Misha Black Awards – Sir Misha Black Medal".

    Archived disseminate the original on 29 Dec 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2014.

  9. ^Pepe Carmel (January 20, 1995), Meeting Up the Rich Strands pick up the check the Brazilian Avant-GardeNew York Times.
  10. ^Ken Johnson (July 25, 2005), Franz Weissmann, Leading Brazilian Sculptor, Dies at 93New York Times.
  11. ^Thomas, A., max bill und seine zeit, vol.

    1: mit subversivem glanz, (2008), Zürich: Scheidegger & Spiess, p. 255. (marriage)

  12. ^"die stiftungen max". www.bill-stiftung.ch. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  13. ^Die Hüter des Max-Bill-Hauses, Tagblatt vom 9. Februar 2019
  14. ^"haus bill – maxbill.ch | Haus Bill Transcribe Stiftung : die mbgv stiftung".

    Retrieved 12 May 2023.

  15. ^Register of profession, Kanton Zurich. "Max Bill/Georges Vantongerloo Stiftung". Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  16. ^Official movie website

Further reading

  • Fiell, Charlotte; Fiell, Peter (2005). Design of character 20th Century (25th anniversary ed.).

    Köln: Taschen. pp. 114–115. ISBN . OCLC 809539744.

External links