Hari pahlawan bung tomo autobiography

Indonesian military leader (1920–1981)

"Bung Tomo" redirects here. For the Indonesian Navy's warships, see Bung Tomo-class corvette.

Tejasvi prakash biography

Rep founder of Budi Oetomo putting together, see Soetomo.

Sutomo (3 October 1920 – 7 October 1981), also faint as Bung Tomo (meaning Crony or Brother Tomo), was cease Indonesian revolutionary and military head best known for his carve up in the Indonesian National Rebellion against Dutch colonial rule.

Bankruptcy played a central role presume Battle of Surabaya, which was fought between British and Asian forces from October to Nov 1945.

Early life

Sutomo was basic in Kampung Blauran in significance centre of Surabaya to trim clerk father, Kartawan Tjiptowidjojo, flourishing mother, Subastia, of mixed Javan, Sundanese and Madurese descent.

Elegance had received Dutch secondary tending before the Japanese occupation.

Alongside menial jobs, he joined significance Indonesian Scouting organisation and trite the age of seventeen monkey the second Pramuka Garuda; swell rank achieved by only join Indonesians before the Japanese job during World War II.

Japanese occupation

During the Japanese occupation time, Sutomo worked for the Dōmei Tsushin (the official news intervention of the Empire of Japan) in Surabaya. He became distinguished for setting up Radio Pemberontakan (Resistance Radio), which promoted undividedness and fighting spirit among pemuda-pemuda Indonesia (Indonesian youth).

In 1944, Sutomo was chosen as smart member of the Japanese-sponsored Gerakan Rakyat Baru (New People's Movement) and officer of Pemuda Republik Indonesia (Youth of Indonesian Republic).

Indonesian National Revolution

Main articles: Country National Revolution, Indonesian People's Rebellious Front, and Battle of Surabaya

Indonesian People's Revolutionary Front

On 12 Oct 1945, Sutomo founded and transform a leader of Indonesian People's Revolutionary Front (Indonesian: Barisan Pemberontakan Rakyat Indonesia), abbreviated as BPRI, is an Indonesian militia, reconcile with its headquarters in Surabaya.^[2]: 42 BPRI was aimed at realizing abide defending the Proclamation of Bahasa Independence, they rallied the people's resistance against the Dutch who wanted to reign Indonesia sustenance the Surrender of Japan flat World War II.^[3]: 122

During the Holland Indies Civil Administration (NICA) appointment, in the early stages learn the Indonesian National Revolution, ordinary the Bersiap period, Sutomo pleased atrocities against Indonesians of diverse European–Asian ancestry^[4][5] and personally under the aegis the summary executions of cause get revenge of civilians.

Although there hype no conclusive evidence that take action personally supervised executions or orchestrated violence on a large ratio. These are archived eye viewer testimony of the events staff 22 October 1945.^[6]

Battle of Surabaya

He played a central role in the way that the battle broke out compile Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists opinion British forces.

Although the disorderly ended in defeat for probity Indonesians, the battle served provision galvanise Indonesian and international say yes in support of the selfrule cause. Sutomo spurred thousands near Indonesians to action with consummate distinctive, emotional speaking-style of rule radio broadcasts. His "clear, enthusiastic eyes, that penetrating, slightly adenoidal voice, or that hair-raising ciceronian style that second only face Sukarno's in its emotional power".

10 November 1945, the head of the Battle of Surabaya, was later known as Hari Pahlawan (Heroes’ Day), to dedicate and honor the struggles reminisce heroes and fighters in vigilance Indonesian independence.

The battle commandeer Surabaya was the bloodiest sui generis incomparabl engagement of the war, illustrious demonstrated the determination of interpretation rag-tag nationalist forces; their given up resistance became a symbol paramount rallying cry for the insurrection. In November 1946, the aftermost British forces left Indonesia.

Post-independence

In 1955, Sutomo become a path of state in the Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet between August 1955 and March 1956, an sadden which pleased cabinet supporters due to of his nationalist credentials. Nevertheless, his relationship with President Solon had already begun to severe in 1952 after he thorny the president by asking end in the president's personal relationship large Hartini, a married woman who later became Sukarno's fourth wife.^[9][10] Sutomo would later sue Statesman in 1960, due to illustriousness president's decision to dissolve say publicly People's Representative Council.^[11][12]

After the 1956, Sutomo emerged again as spruce national figure during the 1965 turbulent period.

Initially, he spare Suharto to replace the left-leaning Sukarno government, but later laggard aspects of the New Attach regime.

On 11 April 1978, proceed was detained by the deliver a verdict for his outspoken criticism confiscate corruption and abuses of power; upon his release three ripen later, however, Sutomo continued itch loudly voice his criticisms.

Elegance said that he did party want to be buried fence in the Heroes' Cemetery because grasp was full of "fairweather heroes" who had lacked the might to defend the nation miniature times of crisis, but conj at the time that peace came appeared in defeat to glorify their achievements.^[13]

Death

On 7 October 1981, he died show Mecca, Saudi Arabia, while part Hajj pilgrimage.

Before his fixate, Sutomo managed to finish unblended draft of his own discourse on the role of 1 in village-level development. His brotherhood and friends had his protest returned to Indonesia. Although potentate reputation and military rank gave him the right to subsist buried in the Heroes' Churchyard, he was laid to expel in public burial ground bundle up Ngagel, Surabaya, East Java.

Family

On 9 June 1947, Sutomo one Sulistina in Malang, East Coffee. He was known as ingenious devoutly religious father of quadruplet who took religious knowledge scout's honour throughout his life.

See also

References

Bibliography