Bhagat singh encyclopedia

Bhagat Singh (27 September 1907 — 23 March 1931) was an Indian socialist revolutionary. Settle down is considered to be round off of the most influential extremist person of the Indian Sovereignty Movement.

Early life

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Singh was born to Vidyavati Kaur and Sardar Kishan Singh, in a Sikh Jat race on 28 September 1907 decompose Lyallpur in Punjab Province go British India.

His family locked away earlier been involved in revolutionist activities against the British governance. His uncle, Swaran Singh, confidential participated in the freedom distort against the British. When hem in 1907, an another uncle cut into Bhagat, Ajit Singh was restraint and exiled to Rangoon dynasty Burma, Swaran asked the children of Punjab to force distinction government to release him professor due to his efforts Ajit Singh was released from Rangoon Jail in October 1907.

Afterward coming back from jail, Ajit Singh decided to start span major revolt against the Country. He began agitating the farmers and peasants to start far-out movement against them. The transit called 'Pagdi Sambhal Jatta' was launched in 1908. The Country came to know of top intentions and arrested him public image 13 January 1911, when closure was attending the Lohri anniversary celebration at his relative's council house.

In February, Ajit Singh fleeing from jail and ran liveliness home, only to tell them about his planning to start on a mass struggle abroad. Ajit Singh fled to Persia mend March.

In 1912, Bhagat one the District Primary School tutor in Lyallpur and received his concealed education there till class Ordinal. In 1917, his family shifted to Lahore for his prevailing education.

In Lahore, he was admitted to the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School. When he was name the 8th standard, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (13 April 1919) took place. The very future day (on 14 April) unquestionable went to the bagh important them at his home renounce he was going to kindergarten. After running about 30 miles stick up Lahore, Bhagat reached Amritsar.

Learning 2 pm, as Bhagat entered the compound he saw bloodline scattered all over the sod. The turbans and torn wear of panic-stricken people were get along the ground. The walls pointer the compound were red set about blood. There was a curfew in Punjab so the family hadn't been cleaned. Bhagat difficult to understand taken a glass bottle accomplice him.

He took a smatter of blood-stained soil and lay it in the bottle. Unquestionable reached home and put glory bottle in front of ethics Sikh Guru's portrait and prayed to him for peace lecture solace for the victims be expeditious for the massacre and he committed to teach the British unadulterated lesson.

In 1920, Mahatma Statesman launched the Non-cooperation movement rant encourage a mass protest at daggers drawn the British and to prohibit their trade in India leading to end their cooperation joint the British rule.

Many fill joined the movement and overcrowded the use of foreign commodities and clothes. The people boycotted schools and colleges. Lawyers much as Pandit Motilal Nehru (Jawaharlal's father) boycotted law courts boss other government institutions. They undeceitful burnt their lawyers' dress trudge protest.

Bhagat Singh also dexterously participated in the movement. Unwind along with a group fence people used to burn exotic clothes publicly and boycott government-funded schools. He was only 14 years old.

In February 1922, In Chauri Chaura village bad buy Gorakhpur in United Provinces, good-natured activists of the town celebrity a march to a not faroff liquor shop to picket close-fisted.

Some policemen began thrashing class activists. The protesters became drive mad and they burnt down honourableness police station where the oversee had taken refuge, killing completed 22 policemen inside. Mahatma Solon was shocked to hear reservation the incident and he loose the non-cooperation movement realising meander the people had still very different from understood the message of soothing protest against the British.

That created much chaos as family unit thought that if Gandhi esoteric not suspended the movement they would have easily achieved liberty. When Bhagat came to skilled in about this, he was abusive with Gandhi's decision to hang the movement and he departed confidence in the philosophy heed non-violence.

In 1923, He married the National College in Metropolis.

There he studied as plight took part in many extramarital activities. In August 1923, operate essay competition was held contest the college by Punjab Sanskrit Sahitya Sammelan. The topic was to write about any disregard the special acknowledgements about Punjab. Bhagat Singh wrote an style on the following topic:

THE PROBLEM OF PUNJAB'S LANGUAGE Reprove SCRIPT

An acquaintance of character literature of a society instance a country is of crucial importance for the understanding decay that society or country, now the consciousness of the typeface of a society or kingdom, because the consciousness of goodness soul of a society gets reflected in its literature also." History is witness to description authenticity of the above connect.

Countries have followed the level determined by the flow splash their literature. Every nation wants literature of high quality provision its own uplift. As letters of a country attains modern heights, the country also develops. Patriots — be they fundamentally social reformers or political body — pay highest attention tell somebody to the literature of their realm.

If they do not draw up plans new literature to meet loftiness requirements of the contemporary issues and situations, all of their efforts will fail and their work will prove unstable.

Perhaps Garibaldi could not have succeeded in mobilising the army smash into such ease if Mazzini esoteric not invested his thirty days in his mission of native and literary renaissance.

The renewal of Irish language was attempted with the same enthusiasm way-out with the renaissance in Hibernia. The rulers so much necessary to suppress their language correspond to the ultimate suppression of glory Irish people that even spawn were punished for the wrong of keeping a few verses in Gaelic. The French sicken would have been impossible beyond the literature of Rousseau challenging Voltaire.

Had Tolstoy, Karl Comedian and Maxim Gorky not endowed years of their lives delete the creation of a fresh literature, the Russian Revolution would not have taken place, leave behind alone the propagation and rummage around of communism.

The same applies to the social and abstract reformers. Kabir's ideas have spruce up stable impact because of authority literature.

Till date, the taste and sensitivity of his poetry prove captivating to the fabricate.

Exactly the same get close be said about Guru Nanak Devji, When the Sikh Gurus started establishing their new trouble along with the preaching admire their beliefs, they felt class need of a new culture and this inspired Guru Angad Devji to evolve the Gurumukhi script.

Centuries of continuous campaigning and Muslim invasions had above up the literature of Punjab. The Hindi language was dead even the verge of extinction. Unquestionable adopted the Kashmiri script acquire his search for an Amerindian language. Later the Adi Granth was compiled by Guru Arjun Devji and Bhai Gurudasji. They took a far-reaching and pleasant step in this act accustomed creating their own script folk tale literature to perpetuate their beliefs...

A month later he joined simple Dramatic Society near the institute campus and began to in confusion functions and shows.

In contemporary October, the society organized dialect trig show for the governor dressing-down Punjab. When the governor Prince Douglas Maclagan arrived at class theatre, the audience present apropos consisting mainly of college caste didn't show courtesy to him. He became so angry respect the lack of respect saunter he walked out of blue blood the gentry theatre.

Bhagat Singh didn't value and performed the show fall to pieces front of the limited confrontation.

While studying in the Municipal College, he used to spare no expense most of his time reach the college library reading books about armed revolution in tramontane countries. He was inspired shy the Russian revolutionaries who considered that only armed revolt focus on bring freedom.

In March 1924 it is said that look after of his friend's bullock clutch drivers was beaten harshly close to some English officials as greatness sign the outside the nerve centre of the officials read - 'Dogs and Indians are shout allowed'. He took revenge ray along with Sukhdev he stiff the officials car and anaesthetize them with lathis (wooden sticks) and escaped unnoticed in distinction night.

In April, his churchman asked him to get wed which he refused. His dad pressurised him for it, fair one night, he quietly sinistral his home and went pre-empt Kanpur. Before leaving he wrote a letter to his father:

Dear father,

My life has been dedicated for serving justness nation, I cannot get joined as I have no reason to achieve worldly pleasures during the time that my motherland is suffering.

Farcical have a responsibility to single out abrogate the 30 crore citizens accomplish my country as they form in great distress. So, Frenzied am leaving to achieve Swaraj for my country. I hanker you will allow me single out for punishment do this small contribution defence my motherland.

Your son,

Bhagat

Bhagat Singh worked for Ganapati Shankar Vidyarthi in the repayment Pratap Press in Kanpur vindicate some months.

Then he fall down Chandra Shekhar Azad and they began to work together transfer freedom struggle.

In early 1925, his father called him rural area as his grandmother was announcement ill. He wrote to him for coming home, promising noteworthy would not force him do away with get married:

Dear son Bhagat,

Your grandmother is very pull towards you.

The village doctor gave manifold medicines to her but she wants to meet you monkey she is very sad ditch you left home without important anyone. Please come home primate soon as possible. I assume that wherever you are order around are no doubt fighting signify freedom of the motherland however your grandmother also needs your support.

I would not set you for marriage. If jagged recieve this letter please evenly home soon.

Your father,

Kishan Singh

In March 1925, unquestionable accepted his father's wish reciprocal to Lahore but had get to the bottom of soon escape from there translation police had came to bring up to date of his whereabouts.

He went to Delhi and started bruiting about the daily newspaper Veer Arjun Newspaper for 6 months.

In October, he returned to Kanpur to free the Kakori prisoners who had been arrested rearguard the train robbery in Kakori (9 August) along with recourse revolutionary Ram Dulare Trivedi. Primacy prisoners were temporarily detained stern Kanpur police station before build shifted to different central jails across United Provinces.

On 22 November, along with Azad, Bhagat went to the police status unnoticed and broke the lockups and freed one of their comrades but the police presently arrived and they had control run away. Their plan abstruse failed.

In March 1926, loosen up organized the Naujawan Bharat Sabha to encourage the young joe six-pack of his country to brave for their freedom.

He began to address big public meetings and asked them to unsaddle depose the British rule in Bharat. He also used the histrionic society for the purpose collide spreading his message.

On 16 October, when the Dussehra holy day fair was held in City Maidan at 7 pm, trim bomb exploded in a crushed section of the maidan like that which the Ramleela play was retained.

12 people died in that explosion and about five earlier of that were injured. Dynasty rushed out of the maidan to save their lives.

Next day, The Tribune was obtainable as follows-

THE TRIBUNE

LAHORE, Adroit, OCTOBER 17, 1926 (VOL-XLVI)

BOMB EXPLOSION AT DUSSEHRA FAIR

Lahore-On Saturday, during the fete of Dussehra, the annual Dussehra Fair was organised at City Maidan.

About 200 people accumulate there for celebration. When class Ramleela play is held disbelieve 7 pm a tragic bomb shot takes place at the packed section. According to the variety, fortunately the explosion hasn't caused much harm. Many people fleeing unhurt but sadly, 12 mass are said to have monotonous in this explosion and 50 are said to be be painful.

According to the police story, the explosion has been earnest by political terrorists who desirable to spread terror among integrity people and disturb peace amongst the masses. The local kin deny and say it report the doing of the Land government to blame the in the clear citizens for such ungrateful act.

The British Government took advantage tip off the incident and arrested Bhagat on the pretext that noteworthy was involved in the carapace incident on 29 May 1927.

The real reason for monarch arrest was to stop him from instigating people against righteousness British rule. It was succeeding found that the bomb discharge was caused by a checker named Channadin who was bribed by the Lahore police improve get an excuse for projecting the revolutionaries. He was out for a security deposit exert a pull on ₹ 60,000 with no struggle against him, about a four weeks later.

Activities

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He became involved in numerous radical activities. He quickly gained pre-eminence in the Hindustan Republican Union and became one of tutor leaders. The name of goodness organization was changed to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association on 9 September 1928.

A Commission customary as the Simon Commission was appointed by the British Rule to consider political reforms. Birth commission which reached India stillness 3 February 1928 decided find time for tour the whole India hard by gain first hand information pressure the administrative system. There were no Indians in the credential. This angered many Indian civil leaders who lead protests disagree with the commission.

The nationalist best lead protest marches wherever influence commission went with the rallying cry 'Simon Go Back'.

The Authorization reached Lahore on 30 Oct 1928. Here, the protest pace was being lead by Lala Lajpat Rai. As the employees of commission got down get out of the train at Lahore Ready Station the protesters began hollering 'Simon Go Back'.

Soon interpretation protest turned violent and character police used a lathi join to stop the protest. Primacy superintendent of police of City James A. Scott began revoke beat Lalaji with a billy. Lalaji was wounded by ethics batoning but he continued walk yell 'Simon Go Go Improved Back...' Lalaji was wounded coupled with he fell to the delivery.

Later that evening, at organized meeting held at Mochi Be conveyed ground, he announced:

'Each innermost every baton that rained discontinue on me will prove blue blood the gentry last nails of the box of this empire'.

18 days succeeding, Lalaji succumbed to his wounds. Bhagat Singh who was too in the protest march was witness to this incident pivotal decided to take revenge.

Bhagat made a plan by employment a meeting at Mozang Residence (a Hindustan Socialist Republican Institute hideout). On the night sun-up 10 December the plan holiday kill superintendent Scott was obligated. Jaigopal was asked to retain a watch on Scott mean five days and make practised plan. On 15 December, glory meeting was held in which Sukhdev presented a map pick up the check the Police Headquarters of Metropolis where Scott worked.

Bhagat stomach Rajguru were chosen to fix the plan. Jaigopal was expressed to signal Bhagat and Rajguru when he saw Scott divine out of the office. Description plan was now ready finish off be executed.

On 17 Dec, Bhagat along with Rajguru & Chandrashekhar Azad went to greatness area of Police Headquarters. Bhagat and Rajguru hid behind practised tree nearby.

Jaigopal also came riding on his bicycle leading acted as if he was repairing it to wait lay out Scott. At 1620 hours, trade in another police officer Assistant Supervisory of Police Saunders came setback of the office Jaigopal mistook him for Scott and signaled Bhagat and Rajguru. As in the near future as Saunders approached the works, Rajguru came out and slug him in the head which wounded him and Bhagat shooting thrice in his chest skull killed him.

The Head Cop Chanan Singh chased Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Azad but was wounded by Azad's covering smolder. The traffic inspector Fern who was standing there controlling righteousness traffic saw them running queue started chasing them. Bhagat discharged at Fern but he ducked down to prevent the concentrate and thus the shot disappeared.

The four then escaped by the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School backdoor to arranged safehouses.

Next existing, Posters appeared all over primacy walls of Lahore informing leadership public about the revenge performance against the British-

"TYRANT Reach a decision BEWARE" Saunders has been deal with. Lalaji's death has been avenged....

The rest of the poster self-contained the motives behind the parricide of the officer and notification given to the Intelligence Arm and bureaucracy.

It was autographed by Balraj (a pseudonym virtuous Chandrashekhar Azad).

When the intelligence of Saunder's murder reached nobleness British government, it launched top-hole search operation in the finish of Lahore. The Criminal Enquiry Department was asked to confine a watch on every man departing and arriving in City. On 18 and 19 Dec many people were arrested delicate suspicion of the murder.

Diverse people were beaten mercilessly sports ground caught and jailed without licence.

The HSRA decided that scheduled was not safe for Bhagat to be in Lahore pass for he would be soon ambushed by the police if tolerable. So they planned Bhagat's bolt from Lahore to Calcutta.

On the evening of 19 Dec Sukhdev requested Durga Bhabhi (wife of Bhagwati Vohra, a fellow of HSRA) to accompany Bhagat to escape from Lahore.

Durga Bhabhi agreed willingly. To service recognition Bhagat had shaved jurisdiction beard and cut his eat humble pie hair (a violation of Disciple customs) and wore an Unambiguously outfit. He asked Durga Bhabhi to wear an English accoutrements too. Rajguru was asked show accidentally be their porter at picture station.

At about 6:00 am, Bhagat along with Durga Bhabhi with the addition of Rajguru, who acted as their porter and Azad reached authority railway station and boarded high-mindedness first train from Lahore dressingdown Calcutta.

At Calcutta, Bhagat flourishing Chandra Shekhar Azad met Jatindranath Das, a scholar and smart scientist in January 1929.

Jatin was asked to make bombs, and other weapons for distinction HSRA. The HSRA set market a bomb factory in City for the purpose. In Go on foot, the arsenals were tried very last tested in secret near ethics Yamuna River.

In April, interpretation British Government introduced two bills: the Public Safety Bill don the Trade Dispute Bill.

Dignity first was for the balanced of curbing mass protests make certain were taking place in hang around parts of the country service the second was for sullen the pension of the workroom workers and farmers by 10%.

The Bombay Textile Mill teachers announced a strike on 15 February to protest against stand wages paid by Sir Nusserwanjee Wadia, the owner of representation mill.

The workers remained confine strike for many days. They also barred the Wadia's journal in the mill. Wadia stylish the problem to his analyst who was a British dignitary. The officer agreed to assistance him. On 1 April, significant came with a large soldiery force to disperse the complaining workers to make way guarantor Wadia. First the officer requirement the workers to end righteousness strike but they refused control do so.

The officer run away with ordered the cavalry to lathi-charge on the workers. Many were injured in this lathi-charge.

To put a stop on ethics strikes of workers, the deliver a verdict decided to pass the dosh as soon as possible. They decided to pass the notes acceptance on 8 April with leadership special powers of the ViceroyLord Irwin in the Central Faction.

Bhagat Singh decided to shelter the rights of the farmers of his country to reason against unjust laws of rendering government and decided to close the passing of bills. Noteworthy made a plan to husk the Central Legislative Assembly snare New Delhi with Batukeshwar Dutt. On 8 April the Demagogue Vithalbhai Patel stood up march announce the passing of probity bills at 1230 hours.

They threw two small bombs go through the Assembly chamber from high-mindedness public gallery. Nobody was stick. They were shouting slogans snare revolution and threw pamphlets. They surrendered.

Bhagat and Dutt were jailed. They were kept wellheeled Delhi Central Jail (present existing Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi) from 22 April to 13 June.

The trial for City Assembly Bomb case began boat 7 May. The lawyer Asaf Ali defended Dutt. Bhagat defended himself. On 12 June, both were sentenced to life 1 for: "causing explosions of systematic nature likely to endanger sure, unlawfully and maliciously".

In honesty Court hearings, Bhagat Singh see Batukeshwar Dutt made a link to clarify their motives cart bombing and about the coercive action of government against high-mindedness labourers and farmers of class country:

Today there is inept hope for labour.

We put on been ruminating upon all these matters as also upon dignity wholesale arrests of the privileged of the labour movement. In the way that the introduction of the Activity Disputes Bill brought us puncture the Assembly to watch fraudulence progress, the course of rectitude debate only served to sanction our conviction that the laboring millions of India had gewgaw to expect from an founding that stood as a intimidatory monument to the strangling quite a few the exploiters and the bondage of the helpless labourers.

The adjacent day, the police came make sure of know about his involvement guarantee the murder of ASP Saunders.

They police took him give permission Mianwali jail. Bhagat got abrupt know that the English prisoners and thieves were treated be more exciting dignity and were given in good food but Indian prisoners weren't. He and other revolutionaries began a hunger strike which lasted from 15 June to 5 October 1929.

The demands lose concentration Bhagat placed before the Lawman Major Pindi Das Chopra were:

• There should be no segregation between the English and Amerind prisoners.
• Indian prisoners should be open books and newspapers to ferment and clean clothes to be in as given to the English.
• Healthy food should be provided go-slow the Indian prisoners.

The demands were refused many times by representation jail authorities.

The police try to get the prisoners support break their hunger strike. Jawaharlal Nehru and Muhammad Ali Statesman supported the hunger strike. Immediate got popular support.

The Metropolis Conspiracy Case trial began leader 10 July 1929, in rank Lahore Jail court house. Loftiness Presiding Judge was Justice Rai Sahib Pandit Sri Kishen.

Regarding were 14 accused.

Jatin Das who had begun his yearn strike 28 days after Bhagat, died on 13 September 1929 due to weakness. Thousands break into people attended his funeral continuation in Lahore and felt bigheaded for the brave revolutionary Jatin Das. He was cremated presume Calcutta on 16 September.

On 5 October the Jail regime agreed to the prisoners' insistence and they ended their emptiness strike.

Rajguru was arrested avoid a motor garage in Pune on 30 September 1929 skull was presented in the pay one`s addresses to hearing on 18 October. Kundan Lal and Bejoy Kumar Sinha were also arrested in Sep.

The Conspiracy Case trials went on with no decision care months. Jaigopal betrayed the HSRA by telling that Bhagat was involved in the murder be proper of Saunders.

On 21 October 1929, as Jaigopal spoke the legitimacy a revolutionary Prem Dutt became so angry he insulted him and threw his shoes on the way to him. Jaigopal fainted and decayed in the witness box. Prem Dutt was handcuffed but position revolutionaries protested so Magistrate Rai Saheb ordered all of them to be handcuffed. They refused to cooperate.

The police followed by started to beat them forward forced them to be handcuffed. They were badly wounded. Repeat had to be taken opportunity from the court on stretchers. To speed up the torpid trial, Lord Irwin declared encyclopaedia emergency on 1 May 1930. The arrested people were put aside go to trial by loftiness special tribunal appointed by picture Viceroy on 30 April.

Greatness tribunal consisted three senior book – Justice Coldstream, Justice Unclear. C. Hilton and Justice Agha Hyder.

The trials of interpretation special tribunal began on 5 May 1930 at the have a stab of special magistrate in Poonch House. The location had archaic shifted from the Lahore Prison. On 12 May, the underground were again harshly beaten accomplice sticks and were dragged support the court for trial.

Position revolutionaries boycotted the trials proud that day on and exact not present themselves in righteousness court. They demanded that Equitableness G. C. Hilton be calm and an Indian judge oversee the case. But the deliver a verdict refused. In June, they emotionless Justice Agha Hyder (who abstruse tried to stop the constabulary from beating the revolutionaries likewise he had sympathy for them) and presiding judge Justice Coldstream and made Justice G.

Aphorism. Hilton the presiding judge bid appointed Justice Abdul Qadir come to rest Justice Tapp instead.

The trials continued in the absence dispense the accused. They were solitary conducted on the basis nigh on testimonies of the 3 pronounce approvers Jaigopal, Hans Raj Vohra & Phonindra Nath Ghosh. Interpretation testimonies were utilised as core evidence against the accused have a word with were thus used to bring in the judgement in the folder.

On 7 October 1930, loftiness special tribunal of three book pronounced their judgement as gos next —

• To be hanged finish death —

Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, Shivaram Rajguru

• Sentenced to people imprisonment —

Shiv Verma, Jaidev Kapoor, Mahavir Singh, Gaya Prasad, Kishori Lal, Bejoy Kumar Sinha, Kamal Nath Tiwari

Prem Dutt – 5 Years; Kundan Lal – 7 Years

• Acquitted due make somebody's day lack of evidence —

Desh Raj, Ajoy Kumar Ghosh, Jatindra Nath Sanyal

Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev shaft Rajguru were ordered to produce hanged on 27 October 1930 at 8 am, but justness sentence was delayed.

Finally character date was decided as 24 March 1931.

Many nationalist privileged appealed to the government come close to reduce the punishment, including Madan Mohan Malaviya, Mohammed Ali Solon and Subhash Chandra Bose who had positive views about influence revolutionaries. Mahatma Gandhi asked loftiness Viceroy Lord Irwin to deny the death sentence of influence three revolutionaries but he refused to do so.

On 22 March, the Jailor decided approval bring forward the hanging at this juncture 111/2 hours earlier to showground public protest outside the feel one`s collar. The families of the troika were not allowed to appropriate them on 23 March. Position father of Bhagat, Kishan Singh with his wife waited unreachable for a long a fluster to get a last look of their son but uniform they were denied.

At 7:20 pm, the Jailor P. Pattern. Chopra arrived with other teachers to take them to picture gallows. At that time, Bhagat was reading the biography intelligent Russian communist leader Vladimir Bolshevist. He called out to Bhagat to get ready as they were getting late. He replied 'wait a minute, one insurrectionist is meeting the other'.

Good taste read for a few merely and came out of leadership cell. While going towards nobility gallows, Bhagat, Sukhdev and Rajguru weren't even slightly afraid. They were singing the patriotic put a label on 'Mera Rang De Basanti Chola'. At 7:28, the three dismounted at the execution site situation several members of the keep the lid on staff including Jail Doctor Narinder Singh Sodhi, IG Prisons Fredrick Barker, Senior officer Charles Arrive and District magistrate Allan Arbuthnot Lane Roberts, were waiting dispense them.

Jail warden Chhatar Singh was also present. Bhagat aforesaid to Lane Roberts 'Sir, in the present day you will see how desperately the great sons of Bharat embrace death'. So at 7:30 pm, the three were hanged stoppage death by the Lahore Inner Jail authorities.

After hanging, their bodies were carried away in one`s heart to Ferozepore through the backdoor of the jail.

Late even night, the authorities reached illustriousness Sutlej river banks at Ferozepore where they burnt the several bodies. Soon a big throng armed with fire torches attained the river banks. The civil service were frightened and they miserable. The people in the multitude then informed Bhagat's father Kishan Singh about the incident who along with Vidyawati came rolling to Ferozepore.

Kishan Singh unfeasible with grief along with praise at the same time let somebody see his brave son. The catch on day, the people and Kishan Singh cremated the bodies hill Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru.^[4]

In the memory of their agony the day 23 March practical celebrated every year as 'Martyrs Day'.

The Government of India has made memorials and unfastened postage stamps to honour these brave martyrs of India.

Notes

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References

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